Installing Jetbrains IntelliJ IDEA
As part of the programming module you study on the course, you are required to interact with the Python programming language. This interaction will be undertaken using an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), which will be installed within the Linux-based operating system.
In this guide, you shall be taken through the journey of installing the Jetbrains IntelliJ IDEA IDE and how it will interact with the Linux (Debian-based) operating system for any module that may make use of the IDE.
Preliminary Information
There is an expectation that you will have a JetBrains educational license. The IDE that is recommended by this course, is the JetBrains suite of applications. The JetBrains suite is payware, and as such they do not come for free. However, as students at this university you are able to obtain a free educational license. To obtain your free license, follow the instructions at the following URL:
Downloading and Installing the Jetbrains IntelliJ IDEA IDE
The JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA application is an IDE and is relatively useful for the course you are studying as it provides a means to develop applications (or reports) for a variety of different languages.
Downloading the IDE is relatively straight forward, you can use a single command. Before you can execute the command, you will need to open the Terminal window. To do this, you can either use the keyboard shortcut: Ctrl + Alt + T or search for Terminal in the Application screen as shown in Figure 1.
In the terminal window, you can proceed with downloading the IDE file by entering the following command:
$ wget https://download.jetbrains.com/idea/ideaIU-2023.1.tar.gz -O idea.tar.gz
This will begin the process of downloading the IntelliJ IDEA installation files from the JetBrains server. The outcome of this command should be similar to that of the terminal window shown in Figure 2.
Once the files have been downloaded, they are stored in a compressed archive (.tar.gz). This will require uncompressing
to an appropriate area of your Linux system. Uncompressing an archive can be achieved using the tar command. However,
before uncompressing the archive, you are required to decide which directory to uncompress the archive to. For the
purpose of this guide, the archive will be uncompressed to the /opt directory.
The opt directory is a root-privileged only directory, as such you are required to use the sudo command to escalate
privileges on the machine. To uncompress the archive to the opt directory, the following command can be used:
$ sudo tar xvf idea.tar.gz -C /opt
The -C flag is used to denote which directory you would like the contents of the compressed archived to be extracted
to. When the command is executed, you will be asked for the password of your user account. In this instance, you will want
to enter the password you would normally use to log in to the system. Note, that when you enter the password it may
come across as if you are not entering anything; this is normal, and continue entering the password as usual and then
push the Enter key. This will begin extracting the contents of the archive, as shown in Figure 3.
To confirm whether the files have been extracted to the opt directory, the following command can be executed in the
terminal window:
$ ls /opt
The outcome of this command should list the folders and files that are located in the /opt directory. In this instance,
you should see something similar to the output shown in Figure 4.
Before you can begin using the IntelliJ IDEA IDE, there are a couple of things we need to do:
- Rename the IntelliJ IDEA directory in
/opt. - Add a shortcut to the IntelliJ IDEA binary to the Application screen.
Renaming the IntelliJ IDEA Directory
The first step is relatively straight forward; to rename a directory you can simply move the contents of the folder to
another folder with the new name. This can be achieved with using the mv command:
$ sudo mv /opt/idea-IU-231.8109.175 /opt/intellij
The command above is essentially renaming the idea-IU-231.8109.175 directory to intellij, omitting the version number
231.8109.175. Remember, that the sudo command is also being used as the opt directory is a root-privileged only
directory, thus any changes made to this directory needs root/administrator access.
To confirm whether the changes have been successfully applied, you can list the contents of the /opt directory using
the ls command:
$ ls /opt
The outcome from this command can be seen in Figure 5, and you can observe that the old idea-IU-231.8109.175 directory has
been renamed to intellij.
Adding the IntelliJ IDEA Binary to the Application Screen
The next step is to add the CLion binary to the Application screen so it can be easily accessible for you, instead of
having to run a command when you want to access the IDE. To achieve this, a file needs to be created in the directory
/usr/share/applications. Once again, this directory requires root-privileges and as such the sudo command will be
required. In this directory, you are required to create a file called IntelliJ.desktop and this can be achieved using the
nano command:
$ sudo nano /usr/share/applications/IntelliJ.desktop
The nano command will open a text-editor in the terminal window, in which you will be able to type (or paste) content
into the newly created file IntelliJ.desktop. The contents of this file should be the following:
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Name=IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate
Icon=/opt/intellij/bin/idea.svg
Exec=/opt/intellij/bin/idea.sh
The terminal window should look similar to that of the one shown in Figure 6.
To save the contents of the file, press the following key combination on the keyboard, Ctrl + X. This will then create a shortcut to the IntelliJ IDEA binary on the Application screen. You can now search for the IDE in the Applicationscreen, by clicking on the grid of dots in the bottom left-hand corner and searching for IntelliJ, as shown in Figure 7.
To open the IDE click on the icon in the Application screen. Before the main IDE window is opened, the CLion user agreement will be shown, click on the checkbox to agree to the user agreement and click the Continue button. Another window will be presented, asking whether you want to share your data, click on the Don't Send button.
Once the relevant user agreements and data sharing processes have been completed the IntelliJ IDEA application will begin to load.
Activation of the IDE
On the first instance of following this guide, and the IDE has been installed and loaded, it will ask for you to activate your software. In order to do this, you need to click on the Log In to Jetbrains Account... button. This will open an internet browser window, whereby you will need to sign-in with your JetBrains account you created earlier.
Once you have logged in to your account, the internet browser will close automatically, and you should now see an Activate button appear. Click on this button and your IDE will be activated, and you should be presented with an application window similar to the one shown in Figure 8.
Installing the Python Plugin
Before you can begin using the IDE for providing solutions for the programming module using the Python programming language, you are required to install a plugin for the IntelliJ IDEA IDE. Once the IDE has loaded, you will be met with a splash screen similar to the one shown in Figure 8. On the splash screen, you will see a button labelled Plugins on the left-hand side of the splash screen, click on this button. The screen will change to present you with a Marketplace of various plugins that can be installed, as shown in Figure 9.
In the screenshot, you can see that the Marketplace tab is active with a blue line underneath the label Marketplace. Directly below this is a search box, and in this box you need to enter the term Python, and a list of options will pop-up similar to the ones shown in Figure 10.
The first option returned should be labelled just Python with the author being JetBrains s.r.o. This is the plugin that is required to be installed, therefore you can click on the green button labelled Install. This will begin the installation process of the Python plugin for the IDE.
Once it has been successfully installed, you will be met once again with a green button, but this time labelled Restart IDE, click this button and the IDE will be restarted. Once the IDE has restarted, we can begin with the creation of a new Python project.
Creating a Python Project
In this section of the guide, we shall begin the process of creating a new Python project. Once the IDE has loaded, you will be met with a splash screen similar to the one shown in Figure 8. On the splash screen, you will see a button labelled New Project, click on this button. A new window will pop up with a variety of different options, as shown in Figure 11.
You can see in the new window, I have selected the New Project option on the left hand-side. Once this item has
been selected, you will then be asked to provide a name of the project and the location where you would like to save
the project folder. In this instance, I have chosen to call my project empty_project and the location has stayed as
the default location: /home/ian/IdeaProjects.
On the same screen, you can see an option to create a Git repository, you can leave this option unchecked. There are also options to select the type of programming language that will be used. If you have installed the Python plugin correctly, an option for Python should be presented. Ensure that this option is selected, as you will be wanting to create a Python project.
With the Python language selected, you will then be met with some additional options to create an Environment. In this instance, you will want to select the New option, and then directly below that you will want to select the Virtualenv environment type. Virtual environments are a great method of keeping your system Python's interpreter separate to any individual projects you are working upon.
Once these settings have been applied, and are similar to the ones shown in Figure 11, you can proceed and click on the Create button. This will begin the process of creating the new Python project.
Conclusion
That is the end of this guide on setting up the JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA IDE and configuring it to interact with the Linux operating system. If you have followed all the necessary steps correctly, you should have a fully functional IDE which will enable you to complete any necessary programming-based activities you will participate with on this course.
Mistakes or Problems?
If you have spotted any errors or issues within this tutorial, you can e-mail Dr Ian Cornelius. Ensure to include in your message a description of the error/issue and a possible resolution. Also do not forget to include a URL to the page with the issue/error.