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TEACHING-MATERIALS/11 API Security.md

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API Security

Content

Assignment Update Job control / running in background SSL certificates

The Problem

Script run using terminal over SSH If the terminal is closed the script stops

Need to be able to run the script detached from the terminal

Linux Job Control

Launching a program in the background node index & List processes (each has an id number) jobs Putting a process in the foreground (job id 1) fg 1

Standard Streams

Input and output channels Each has a default: stdin - defaults to the keyboard stdout - defaults to the terminal stderr - defaults to the terminal

Redirect Streams

Send stdout to a log file node index > log.txt Send stdout and stderr to log file node index > log.txt 2>&1 Send errors to different file node index > log.txt 2> err.txt Silence errors node index > log.txt 2> /dev/null

Forever

Node package so runs on all supported platforms npm install -g forever forever start index.js forever list forever restart app.js forever stop app.js forever stopall

SSL Certificates

The Problem

All the APIs built so far run over HTTP This is an unencrypted connection Packets can be intercepted and read using a packet sniffer

The Solution

All data packets need to be encrypted Use an asymmetric encryption called TLS 1.2

The Process

https means client will connect to port 443 unless specified First byte out of our browser makes a handshake request Server sends a response and agrees to the request to use TLS The client checks server certificate expiry and makes sure its public key is authorized for exchanging secret keys TLS is used to exchange a shared (symmetric) one time encryption key that is then used to encrypt and decrypt data packets

Generating a TLS1.2 Certificate

Normally certificated issued by a 'trusted authority' Tied to a specific domain name Requires annual payment For development purposes we can generate our own Known as a 'self-signed' certificate

Need to generate a self-signed certificate for our Certificate Authority Means that this CA is totally trusted Its certificate will serve as the root certificate Run the following command to generate the self-signed certificate for the CA openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -nodes

The Key Contains the Certificate Authority's private key key.pem The Certificate Contains the public-key certificate cert.pem

const fs = require('fs') const httpsOptions = { key: fs.readFileSync('./key.pem'), certificate: fs.readFileSync('./cert.pem') } const server = restify.createServer(httpsOptions)